Kotabaru is a noteworthy Indische town, recognized as one of the most progressive areas of its time. Designed with a garden-city concept and a radial layout, it stands in parallel to Menteng, another Indische neighborhood in Jakarta.
As you stroll through the northeastern part of Malioboro, you’ll be welcomed by the refreshing climate of Kotabaru, located east of the Code River. The streets are lined with lush trees that provide shade, creating a pleasant environment for pedestrians while separating the two-way traffic. The presence of historic buildings on either side adds to the charm of Kotabaru, making it a place that deserves more than just a quick visit.
Originally known as Nieuwe Wijk, Kotabaru has been evolving since 1920 due to the growing population in the Loji Kecil area. The expansion of the sugar industry, along with a rising focus on education and healthcare, attracted more Dutch residents to Yogyakarta. As a result, Kotabaru emerged as a desirable residential area, equipped with comprehensive amenities, much like the Menteng area in Jakarta.
Entering Kotabaru offers a unique experience. Its design follows a radial pattern, reminiscent of towns in the Netherlands, setting it apart from most other areas in Yogyakarta, which typically align with compass points. The abundance of large trees, flowering plants, and fruit-bearing vegetation highlights Kotabaru’s identity as a garden city, complete with wide boulevards.
The corners of Kotabaru are not just picturesque; they are steeped in history. Take Kewek Road, for instance, which serves as the southern entrance to the area and is home to a humorous tale. The bridge road that links the east and west sides of the Code River was originally called Kerkweg. However, due to the difficulty Javanese speakers had with the pronunciation, it became known as Kewek. This road, now referred to as Abubakar Ali, is also affectionately called Kreteg Kewek.
If you head north from Kreteg Kewek, you’ll come across Saint Anthony Church. Its European architectural style is evident in the tall minaret at the front, the 16 large concrete columns, and the concave ceiling. Built in 1926 and initially named Antonius van Padua, the church expanded as the prayer space in Mr. Perquin’s house (located in front of Syuhada Mosque) could no longer accommodate the growing Catholic community.
As you delve deeper into Kotabaru, you’ll encounter several historical buildings, such as the Saint Ignatius College, which once served as the office for the Defense Ministry, and the SMAN 3 high school, previously known as the AMS building. The SMP 5 junior school was once the Normalschool, while the SMU BOPKRI I high school functioned as the Christelijke MULO building and Military Academy. Additionally, you’ll find the office of the Tourism Council, marking the end of the guerilla war led by General Soedirman, a celebrated Indonesian national hero known for his guerrilla tactics.
One particularly striking structure is the Bimo building, designed in the art deco style that flourished in the 1920s and 1930s. This architectural approach emphasized local traditions while embracing new influences, aiming to stand out from existing designs. The Bimo building features a long, elegant shape typical of European architecture, but its upper front is uniquely arched.
One notable historical building is the Jiwasraya Insurance office. During the Dutch colonial period, it was occupied by an officer from the Nill Maatschappij Insurance Company. Later, during the Japanese occupation, it became the residence of Butaico Major Otsuka, a senior officer in the Japanese army. On October 6, 1945, this location served as a meeting point for Moh Saleh Bardosono and Otsuka regarding the handover of weapons.
If you’re still eager to explore more old buildings, take a stroll through the corners of Kotabaru. You’ll easily find a row of structures showcasing Dutch architectural style. Some of these buildings hold historical significance, such as the one at the end of the road leading to Gondolayu Bridge, which once served as the office for Foreign Affairs, the residence of Brigadier General Katamso located east of Kridosono Stadium, and the electricity post building featuring distinctive Dutch design.
Today, Kotabaru is bustling with activity. There are several cafes where you can unwind after touring the historic sites, an art gallery hosting exhibitions, and various eateries offering a range of cuisines, along with a gym. The charm of Kotabaru as a garden city remains, inviting you to relax and enjoy the scenery from either side of the street.